This research project aims to analyze the impact of waterborne diseases on public health in West Africa, based on existing data and statistical analysis methods. Waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid fever, and acute diarrhea remain widespread in this region due to limited access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene.The project began with a structured literature review, which made it possible to:Define the main waterborne diseases and their transmission mechanisms,Provide an overview of access to drinking water in West Africa,Examine the correlations between waterborne diseases and water quality,Identify aggravating factors and mitigation policies.The study then relied on existing epidemiological data at the country level in West Africa. Using a set of variables such as access to safe drinking water, sanitation coverage, frequency of waterborne diseases, and socio-economic indicators, several quantitative methods were implemented, including:A factorial analysis, which showed that the first two axes explained 67.42% of the variance,A classification of household profiles based on sanitary conditions,Regression models to identify predictive variables of disease occurrence.Hypothetical data collection tools were also designed, such as a household questionnaire focusing on water sources, hygiene practices, and the frequency of illnesses within the household. The chosen approach takes into account field realities, including linguistic diversity, education levels, and geographical accessibility.Special attention was paid to the management of missing data, which was addressed using statistical imputation techniques in R to ensure the robustness of the analyses.In conclusion, this work highlights the close links between water infrastructure, public policy, and population health. It emphasizes the urgent need to strengthen investments in water, sanitation, and hygiene to sustainably reduce the burden of waterborne diseases in West Africa.