¿Existen grupos de países dentro de la OCDE que compartan perfiles económicos similares cuando se analizan de forma simultánea los indicadores dentro de la base de datos? En este trabajo se estudiara este fenómeno por medio de un análisis no supervisado.

This study analyzes the impact of deregulation on taxi fares in Italy and Spain, comparing tariffs across 22 Italian and 13 Spanish cities using data extracted from Numbeo. To ensure a fair comparison, nominal fares were adjusted for the local cost of living to obtain Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) values. The statistical analysis, conducted via a Student's t-test, reveals a highly significant difference (p-value ~ 0.001) between the two countries: Italian tariffs are systematically and markedly higher than Spanish ones, with a net gap of 3.162 PPP points between the medians. This discrepancy does not depend on the overall cost of living within the individual cities, but rather stems from political choices and governance models; the Spanish regulatory framework, historically geared toward greater flexibility and competition in non-scheduled public transport, successfully delivers much more affordable and competitive prices for the end consumer compared to the Italian system.

As of June 14, 2026